libtiff 4.5.0 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via /libtiff/tools/tiffcrop.c:8499. Incorrect updating of buffer size after rotateImage() in tiffcrop cause heap-buffer-overflow and SEGV.

Git is a revision control system. Prior to versions 2.30.9, 2.31.8, 2.32.7, 2.33.8, 2.34.8, 2.35.8, 2.36.6, 2.37.7, 2.38.5, 2.39.3, and 2.40.1, by feeding specially crafted input to git apply --reject, a path outside the working tree can be overwritten with partially controlled contents (corresponding to the rejected hunk(s) from the given patch). A fix is available in versions 2.30.9, 2.31.8, 2.32.7, 2.33.8, 2.34.8, 2.35.8, 2.36.6, 2.37.7, 2.38.5, 2.39.3, and 2.40.1. As a workaround, avoid using git apply with --reject when applying patches from an untrusted source. Use git apply --stat to inspect a patch before applying; avoid applying one that create a conflict where a link corresponding to the *.rej file exists.

Git is a revision control system. The Git project recommends to avoid working in untrusted repositories, and instead to clone it first with git clone --no-local to obtain a clean copy. Git has specific protections to make that a safe operation even with an untrusted source repository, but vulnerabilities allow those protections to be bypassed. In the context of cloning local repositories owned by other users, this vulnerability has been covered in CVE-2024-32004. But there are circumstances where the fixes for CVE-2024-32004 are not enough: For example, when obtaining a .zip file containing a full copy of a Git repository, it should not be trusted by default to be safe, as e.g. hooks could be configured to run within the context of that repository. The problem has been patched in versions 2.45.1, 2.44.1, 2.43.4, 2.42.2, 2.41.1, 2.40.2, and 2.39.4. As a workaround, avoid using Git in repositories that have been obtained via archives from untrusted sources.

sqlite3 v3.40.1 was discovered to contain a segmentation violation at /sqlite3_aflpp/shell.c.

A bug has been identified in the processing of key and initialisation vector (IV) lengths. This can lead to potential truncation or overruns during the initialisation of some symmetric ciphers.

shadow 4.8, in certain circumstances affecting at least Gentoo, Arch Linux, and Void Linux, allows local users to obtain root access because setuid programs are misconfigured. Specifically, this affects shadow 4.8 when compiled using --with-libpam but without explicitly passing --disable-account-tools-setuid, and without a PAM configuration suitable for use with setuid account management tools. This combination leads to account management tools (groupadd, groupdel, groupmod, useradd, userdel, usermod) that can easily be used by unprivileged local users to escalate privileges to root in multiple ways. This issue became much more relevant in approximately December 2019 when an unrelated bug was fixed (i.e., the chmod calls to suidusbins were fixed in the upstream Makefile which is now included in the release version 4.8).

systemd, when updating file permissions, allows local users to change the permissions and SELinux security contexts for arbitrary files via a symlink attack on unspecified files.

A vulnerability classified as problematic was found in LibTIFF 4.3.0. Affected by this vulnerability is the TIFF File Handler of tiff2ps. Opening a malicious file leads to a denial of service. The attack can be launched remotely but requires user interaction. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

LibTIFF version 4.0.7 is vulnerable to a heap-based buffer over-read in tif_lzw.c resulting in DoS or code execution via a crafted bmp image to tools/bmp2tiff.

VideoLAN dav1d before 1.2.0 has a thread_task.c race condition that can lead to an application crash, related to dav1d_decode_frame_exit.

A flaw was found in the util-linux chfn and chsh utilities when compiled with Readline support. The Readline library uses an "INPUTRC" environment variable to get a path to the library config file. When the library cannot parse the specified file, it prints an error message containing data from the file. This flaw allows an unprivileged user to read root-owned files, potentially leading to privilege escalation. This flaw affects util-linux versions prior to 2.37.4.

** DISPUTED ** In LibTIFF 4.0.8, there is a heap-based use-after-free in the t2p_writeproc function in tiff2pdf.c. NOTE: there is a third-party report of inability to reproduce this issue.

A heap-based buffer overflow was found in the __vsyslog_internal function of the glibc library. This function is called by the syslog and vsyslog functions. This issue occurs when the openlog function was not called, or called with the ident argument set to NULL, and the program name (the basename of argv[0]) is bigger than 1024 bytes, resulting in an application crash or local privilege escalation. This issue affects glibc 2.36 and newer.

In all versions of AppArmor mount rules are accidentally widened when compiled.

This vulnerability has not been analyzed by NVD yet.

GIT version 2.15.1 and earlier contains a Input Validation Error vulnerability in Client that can result in problems including messing up terminal configuration to RCE. This attack appear to be exploitable via The user must interact with a malicious git server, (or have their traffic modified in a MITM attack).

In Git for Windows, the Windows port of Git, no localized messages are shipped with the installer. As a consequence, Git is expected not to localize messages at all, and skips the gettext initialization. However, due to a change in MINGW-packages, the gettext() function's implicit initialization no longer uses the runtime prefix but uses the hard-coded path C:\mingw64\share\locale to look for localized messages. And since any authenticated user has the permission to create folders in C:\ (and since C:\mingw64 does not typically exist), it is possible for low-privilege users to place fake messages in that location where git.exe will pick them up in version 2.40.1.

libheif v1.17.5 was discovered to contain a segmentation violation via the function UncompressedImageCodec::get_luma_bits_per_pixel_from_configuration_unci.

** DISPUTED ** An issue was discovered in systemd 253. An attacker can truncate a sealed log file and then resume log sealing such that checking the integrity shows no error, despite modifications. NOTE: the vendor reportedly sent "a reply denying that any of the finding was a security vulnerability."

Multiple NSS NIST curves were susceptible to a side-channel attack known as &#34;Minerva&#34;. This attack could potentially allow an attacker to recover the private key. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 121.

The --mirror documentation for Git through 2.35.1 does not mention the availability of deleted content, aka the &#34;GitBleed&#34; issue. This could present a security risk if information-disclosure auditing processes rely on a clone operation without the --mirror option.

libheif v1.17.5 was discovered to contain a segmentation violation via the function UncompressedImageCodec::decode_uncompressed_image.

Git is a revision control system. Prior to versions 2.45.1, 2.44.1, 2.43.4, 2.42.2, 2.41.1, 2.40.2, and 2.39.4, an attacker can prepare a local repository in such a way that, when cloned, will execute arbitrary code during the operation. The problem has been patched in versions 2.45.1, 2.44.1, 2.43.4, 2.42.2, 2.41.1, 2.40.2, and 2.39.4. As a workaround, avoid cloning repositories from untrusted sources.

libexpat through 2.5.0 allows a denial of service (resource consumption) because many full reparsings are required in the case of a large token for which multiple buffer fills are needed.

Vulnerability in the Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition product of Oracle Java SE (component: Hotspot). Supported versions that are affected are Oracle Java SE: 8u401, 8u401-perf, 11.0.22, 17.0.10, 21.0.2, 22; Oracle GraalVM for JDK: 17.0.10, 21.0.2, 22; Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition: 20.3.13 and 21.3.9. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a partial denial of service (partial DOS) of Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. Note: This vulnerability can be exploited by using APIs in the specified Component, e.g., through a web service which supplies data to the APIs. This vulnerability also applies to Java deployments, typically in clients running sandboxed Java Web Start applications or sandboxed Java applets, that load and run untrusted code (e.g., code that comes from the internet) and rely on the Java sandbox for security. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 3.7 (Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L).

There is a heap-buffer-overflow in GIFLIB 5.2.1 function DumpScreen2RGB() in gif2rgb.c:298:45.

OpenSSH, when using OPIE (One-Time Passwords in Everything) for PAM, allows remote attackers to determine the existence of certain user accounts, which displays a different response if the user account exists and is configured to use one-time passwords (OTP), a similar issue to CVE-2007-2243.

An integer overflow in dav1d AV1 decoder that can occur when decoding videos with large frame size. This can lead to memory corruption within the AV1 decoder. We recommend upgrading past version 1.4.0 of dav1d.

** DISPUTED ** An issue was discovered in systemd 253. An attacker can modify a sealed log file such that, in some views, not all existing and sealed log messages are displayed. NOTE: the vendor reportedly sent &#34;a reply denying that any of the finding was a security vulnerability.&#34;

** DISPUTED ** An issue was discovered in systemd 253. An attacker can modify the contents of past events in a sealed log file and then adjust the file such that checking the integrity shows no error, despite modifications. NOTE: the vendor reportedly sent &#34;a reply denying that any of the finding was a security vulnerability.&#34;

A heap use-after-free issue has been identified in SQLite in the jsonParseAddNodeArray() function in sqlite3.c. This flaw allows a local attacker to leverage a victim to pass specially crafted malicious input to the application, potentially causing a crash and leading to a denial of service.

An integer overflow was found in the __vsyslog_internal function of the glibc library. This function is called by the syslog and vsyslog functions. This issue occurs when these functions are called with a very long message, leading to an incorrect calculation of the buffer size to store the message, resulting in undefined behavior. This issue affects glibc 2.37 and newer.

GNU Wget through 1.21.1 does not omit the Authorization header upon a redirect to a different origin, a related issue to CVE-2018-1000007.

A segment fault (SEGV) flaw was found in libtiff that could be triggered by passing a crafted tiff file to the TIFFReadRGBATileExt() API. This flaw allows a remote attacker to cause a heap-buffer overflow, leading to a denial of service.

A heap-buffer-overflow vulnerability was found in LibTIFF, in extractImageSection() at tools/tiffcrop.c:7916 and tools/tiffcrop.c:7801. This flaw allows attackers to cause a denial of service via a crafted tiff file.

A flaw was found in libtiff. A specially crafted tiff file can lead to a segmentation fault due to a buffer overflow in the Fax3Encode function in libtiff/tif_fax3.c, resulting in a denial of service.

contrib/slapd-modules/nops/nops.c in OpenLDAP through 2.4.45, when both the nops module and the memberof overlay are enabled, attempts to free a buffer that was allocated on the stack, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (slapd crash) via a member MODDN operation.

linux-pam (aka Linux PAM) before 1.6.0 allows attackers to cause a denial of service (blocked login process) via mkfifo because the openat call (for protect_dir) lacks O_DIRECTORY.

GNU gdb (GDB) 13.0.50.20220805-git was discovered to contain a heap buffer overflow via the function pe_as16() at /gdb/coff-pe-read.c.

This vulnerability has not been analyzed by NVD yet.

Certain DNSSEC aspects of the DNS protocol (in RFC 4033, 4034, 4035, 6840, and related RFCs) allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (CPU consumption) via one or more DNSSEC responses, aka the &#34;KeyTrap&#34; issue. One of the concerns is that, when there is a zone with many DNSKEY and RRSIG records, the protocol specification implies that an algorithm must evaluate all combinations of DNSKEY and RRSIG records.

Vulnerability in the Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition product of Oracle Java SE (component: Hotspot). Supported versions that are affected are Oracle Java SE: 8u401, 8u401-perf, 11.0.22, 17.0.10, 21.0.2, 22; Oracle GraalVM for JDK: 17.0.10, 21.0.2, 22; Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition: 20.3.13 and 21.3.9. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition accessible data. Note: This vulnerability can be exploited by using APIs in the specified Component, e.g., through a web service which supplies data to the APIs. This vulnerability also applies to Java deployments, typically in clients running sandboxed Java Web Start applications or sandboxed Java applets, that load and run untrusted code (e.g., code that comes from the internet) and rely on the Java sandbox for security. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 3.7 (Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N).

This vulnerability has not been analyzed by NVD yet.

The NIST SP 800-90A default statement of the Dual Elliptic Curve Deterministic Random Bit Generation (Dual_EC_DRBG) algorithm contains point Q constants with a possible relationship to certain &#34;skeleton key&#34; values, which might allow context-dependent attackers to defeat cryptographic protection mechanisms by leveraging knowledge of those values. NOTE: this is a preliminary CVE for Dual_EC_DRBG; future research may provide additional details about point Q and associated attacks, and could potentially lead to a RECAST or REJECT of this CVE.

loadImage() in tools/tiffcrop.c in LibTIFF through 4.5.0 has a heap-based use after free via a crafted TIFF image.

An issue was discovered in GNU libiberty, as distributed in GNU Binutils 2.36. It is a stack-overflow issue in demangle_type in rust-demangle.c.

wall in util-linux through 2.40, often installed with setgid tty permissions, allows escape sequences to be sent to other users&#39; terminals through argv. (Specifically, escape sequences received from stdin are blocked, but escape sequences received from argv are not blocked.) There may be plausible scenarios where this leads to account takeover.

Vulnerability in the Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition product of Oracle Java SE (component: Networking). Supported versions that are affected are Oracle Java SE: 11.0.22, 17.0.10, 21.0.2, 22; Oracle GraalVM for JDK: 17.0.10, 21.0.2, 22; Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition: 20.3.13 and 21.3.9. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition accessible data. Note: This vulnerability applies to Java deployments, typically in clients running sandboxed Java Web Start applications or sandboxed Java applets, that load and run untrusted code (e.g., code that comes from the internet) and rely on the Java sandbox for security. This vulnerability does not apply to Java deployments, typically in servers, that load and run only trusted code (e.g., code installed by an administrator). CVSS 3.1 Base Score 3.7 (Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N).

It was found that apt-key in apt, all versions, do not correctly validate gpg keys with the master keyring, leading to a potential man-in-the-middle attack.

AOMedia v3.0.0 to v3.5.0 was discovered to contain an invalid read memory access via the component assign_frame_buffer_p in av1/common/av1_common_int.h.

An out-of-memory flaw was found in libtiff. Passing a crafted tiff file to TIFFOpen() API may allow a remote attacker to cause a denial of service via a craft input with size smaller than 379 KB.

An issue was discovered in cplus-dem.c in GNU libiberty, as distributed in GNU Binutils 2.30. Stack Exhaustion occurs in the C++ demangling functions provided by libiberty, and there are recursive stack frames: demangle_template_value_parm, demangle_integral_value, and demangle_expression.

scp in OpenSSH through 8.3p1 allows command injection in the scp.c toremote function, as demonstrated by backtick characters in the destination argument. NOTE: the vendor reportedly has stated that they intentionally omit validation of &#34;anomalous argument transfers&#34; because that could &#34;stand a great chance of breaking existing workflows.&#34;

The Closest Encloser Proof aspect of the DNS protocol (in RFC 5155 when RFC 9276 guidance is skipped) allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (CPU consumption for SHA-1 computations) via DNSSEC responses in a random subdomain attack, aka the &#34;NSEC3&#34; issue. The RFC 5155 specification implies that an algorithm must perform thousands of iterations of a hash function in certain situations.

CPAN.pm before 2.35 does not verify TLS certificates when downloading distributions over HTTPS.

** DISPUTED ** LibTIFF 4.0.8 has multiple memory leak vulnerabilities, which allow attackers to cause a denial of service (memory consumption), as demonstrated by tif_open.c, tif_lzw.c, and tif_aux.c. NOTE: Third parties were unable to reproduce the issue.

libheif v1.17.5 was discovered to contain a segmentation violation via the component /libheif/exif.cc.

libexpat through 2.5.0 allows recursive XML Entity Expansion if XML_DTD is undefined at compile time.

Increasing the resolution of video frames, while performing a multi-threaded encode, can result in a heap overflow in av1_loop_restoration_dealloc().

A null pointer dereference issue was found in Libtiff&#39;s tif_dir.c file. This issue may allow an attacker to pass a crafted TIFF image file to the tiffcp utility which triggers a runtime error that causes undefined behavior. This will result in an application crash, eventually leading to a denial of service.

sshd in OpenSSH 4 on Debian GNU/Linux, and the 20070303 OpenSSH snapshot, allows remote authenticated users to obtain access to arbitrary SELinux roles by appending a 😕 (colon slash) sequence, followed by the role name, to the username.

** DISPUTED ** OpenSSH through 8.7 allows remote attackers, who have a suspicion that a certain combination of username and public key is known to an SSH server, to test whether this suspicion is correct. This occurs because a challenge is sent only when that combination could be valid for a login session. NOTE: the vendor does not recognize user enumeration as a vulnerability for this product.

Git is a revision control system. Prior to versions 2.45.1, 2.44.1, 2.43.4, 2.42.2, 2.41.1, 2.40.2, and 2.39.4, local clones may end up hardlinking files into the target repository&#39;s object database when source and target repository reside on the same disk. If the source repository is owned by a different user, then those hardlinked files may be rewritten at any point in time by the untrusted user. Cloning local repositories will cause Git to either copy or hardlink files of the source repository into the target repository. This significantly speeds up such local clones compared to doing a &#34;proper&#34; clone and saves both disk space and compute time. When cloning a repository located on the same disk that is owned by a different user than the current user we also end up creating such hardlinks. These files will continue to be owned and controlled by the potentially-untrusted user and can be rewritten by them at will in the future. The problem has been patched in versions 2.45.1, 2.44.1, 2.43.4, 2.42.2, 2.41.1, 2.40.2, and 2.39.4.

nscd: netgroup cache assumes NSS callback uses in-buffer strings

A potential heap based buffer overflow was found in _bfd_elf_slurp_version_tables() in bfd/elf.c. This may lead to loss of availability.

libldap in certain third-party OpenLDAP packages has a certificate-validation flaw when the third-party package is asserting RFC6125 support. It considers CN even when there is a non-matching subjectAltName (SAN). This is fixed in, for example, openldap-2.4.46-10.el8 in Red Hat Enterprise Linux.

A vulnerability was found in openldap. This security flaw causes a null pointer dereference in ber_memalloc_x() function.

MiniZip in zlib through 1.3 has an integer overflow and resultant heap-based buffer overflow in zipOpenNewFileInZip4_64 via a long filename, comment, or extra field. NOTE: MiniZip is not a supported part of the zlib product.

Git is a revision control system. Prior to versions 2.45.1, 2.44.1, 2.43.4, 2.42.2, 2.41.1, 2.40.2, and 2.39.4, repositories with submodules can be crafted in a way that exploits a bug in Git whereby it can be fooled into writing files not into the submodule&#39;s worktree but into a .git/ directory. This allows writing a hook that will be executed while the clone operation is still running, giving the user no opportunity to inspect the code that is being executed. The problem has been patched in versions 2.45.1, 2.44.1, 2.43.4, 2.42.2, 2.41.1, 2.40.2, and 2.39.4. If symbolic link support is disabled in Git (e.g. via git config --global core.symlinks false), the described attack won&#39;t work. As always, it is best to avoid cloning repositories from untrusted sources.

Buffer Overflow vulnerability in libde265 v1.0.12 allows a local attacker to cause a denial of service via the allocation size exceeding the maximum supported size of 0x10000000000.

cipher/elgamal.c in Libgcrypt through 1.8.2, when used to encrypt messages directly, improperly encodes plaintexts, which allows attackers to obtain sensitive information by reading ciphertext data (i.e., it does not have semantic security in face of a ciphertext-only attack). The Decisional Diffie-Hellman (DDH) assumption does not hold for Libgcrypt&#39;s ElGamal implementation.

OpenSSL 0.9.8i on the Gaisler Research LEON3 SoC on the Xilinx Virtex-II Pro FPGA uses a Fixed Width Exponentiation (FWE) algorithm for certain signature calculations, and does not verify the signature before providing it to a caller, which makes it easier for physically proximate attackers to determine the private key via a modified supply voltage for the microprocessor, related to a &#34;fault-based attack.&#34;

The Raccoon attack is a timing attack on DHE ciphersuites inherit in the TLS specification. To mitigate this vulnerability, Firefox disabled support for DHE ciphersuites.

libheif v1.17.5 was discovered to contain a segmentation violation via the function find_exif_tag at /libheif/exif.cc.

A Memory Leak vulnerability exists in SQLite Project SQLite3 3.35.1 and 3.37.0 via maliciously crafted SQL Queries (made via editing the Database File), it is possible to query a record, and leak subsequent bytes of memory that extend beyond the record, which could let a malicious user obtain sensitive information. NOTE: The developer disputes this as a vulnerability stating that If you give SQLite a corrupted database file and submit a query against the database, it might read parts of the database that you did not intend or expect.

The iconv() function in the GNU C Library versions 2.39 and older may overflow the output buffer passed to it by up to 4 bytes when converting strings to the ISO-2022-CN-EXT character set, which may be used to crash an application or overwrite a neighbouring variable.

OpenSSH through 9.6, when common types of DRAM are used, might allow row hammer attacks (for authentication bypass) because the integer value of authenticated in mm_answer_authpassword does not resist flips of a single bit. NOTE: this is applicable to a certain threat model of attacker-victim co-location in which the attacker has user privileges.

ncurses 6.3 before patch 20220416 has an out-of-bounds read and segmentation violation in convert_strings in tinfo/read_entry.c in the terminfo library.

giflib v5.2.1 was discovered to contain a segmentation fault via the component getarg.c.

An issue discovered in XZ 5.2.5 allows attackers to cause a denial of service via decompression of a crafted file. NOTE: the vendor disputes the claims of &#34;endless output&#34; and &#34;denial of service&#34; because decompression of the 17,486 bytes always results in 114,881,179 bytes, which is often a reasonable size increase.

A NULL pointer dereference in TIFFClose() is caused by a failure to open an output file (non-existent path or a path that requires permissions like /dev/null) while specifying zones.

The SSL protocol, as used in certain configurations in Microsoft Windows and Microsoft Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, Opera, and other products, encrypts data by using CBC mode with chained initialization vectors, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to obtain plaintext HTTP headers via a blockwise chosen-boundary attack (BCBA) on an HTTPS session, in conjunction with JavaScript code that uses (1) the HTML5 WebSocket API, (2) the Java URLConnection API, or (3) the Silverlight WebClient API, aka a &#34;BEAST&#34; attack.

A flaw was found in unzip. The vulnerability occurs due to improper handling of Unicode strings, which can lead to a null pointer dereference. This flaw allows an attacker to input a specially crafted zip file, leading to a crash or code execution.

LibTIFF 4.0.9 has a NULL pointer dereference in the jpeg_fdct_16x16 function in jfdctint.c.

Vulnerability in the Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition product of Oracle Java SE (component: Hotspot). Supported versions that are affected are Oracle Java SE: 8u401-perf, 11.0.22, 17.0.10, 21.0.2, 22; Oracle GraalVM for JDK: 17.0.10, 21.0.2 and 22; Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition: 21.3.9. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition accessible data. Note: This vulnerability can be exploited by using APIs in the specified Component, e.g., through a web service which supplies data to the APIs. This vulnerability also applies to Java deployments, typically in clients running sandboxed Java Web Start applications or sandboxed Java applets, that load and run untrusted code (e.g., code that comes from the internet) and rely on the Java sandbox for security. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 3.7 (Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N).

HTTP::Tiny before 0.083, a Perl core module since 5.13.9 and available standalone on CPAN, has an insecure default TLS configuration where users must opt in to verify certificates.

A memory leak (out-of-memory) in gif2rgb in util/gif2rgb.c in giflib 5.1.4 allows remote attackers trigger an out of memory exception or denial of service via a gif format file.

GNU gdb (GDB) 13.0.50.20220805-git was discovered to contain a heap use after free via the function add_pe_exported_sym() at /gdb/coff-pe-read.c.

slapd in OpenLDAP 2.4.45 and earlier creates a PID file after dropping privileges to a non-root account, which might allow local users to kill arbitrary processes by leveraging access to this non-root account for PID file modification before a root script executes a &#34;kill cat /pathname&#34; command, as demonstrated by openldap-initscript.

initscripts in rPath Linux 1 sets insecure permissions for the /var/log/btmp file, which allows local users to obtain sensitive information regarding authentication attempts. NOTE: because sshd detects the insecure permissions and does not log certain events, this also prevents sshd from logging failed authentication attempts by remote attackers.

Arm Armv8-A core implementations utilizing speculative execution past unconditional changes in control flow may allow unauthorized disclosure of information to an attacker with local user access via a side-channel analysis, aka &#34;straight-line speculation.&#34;

A heap-based buffer over-read exists in the function d_expression_1 in cp-demangle.c in GNU libiberty, as distributed in GNU Binutils 2.31.1. A crafted input can cause segmentation faults, leading to denial-of-service, as demonstrated by c++filt.

nscd: Null pointer crashes after notfound response

The client side in OpenSSH 5.7 through 8.4 has an Observable Discrepancy leading to an information leak in the algorithm negotiation. This allows man-in-the-middle attackers to target initial connection attempts (where no host key for the server has been cached by the client). NOTE: some reports state that 8.5 and 8.6 are also affected.

Under some circumstances, this weakness allows a user who has access to run the “ps” utility on a machine, the ability to write almost unlimited amounts of unfiltered data into the process heap.

A heap overflow flaw was found in libpngs&#39; pngimage.c program. This flaw allows an attacker with local network access to pass a specially crafted PNG file to the pngimage utility, causing an application to crash, leading to a denial of service.

nscd: Stack-based buffer overflow in netgroup cache

The demangle_template function in cplus-dem.c in GNU libiberty, as distributed in GNU Binutils 2.31.1, contains an integer overflow vulnerability (for &#34;Create an array for saving the template argument values&#34;) that can trigger a heap-based buffer overflow, as demonstrated by nm.

The nss_parse_ciphers function in libraries/libldap/tls_m.c in OpenLDAP does not properly parse OpenSSL-style multi-keyword mode cipher strings, which might cause a weaker than intended cipher to be used and allow remote attackers to have unspecified impact via unknown vectors.

Requests is a HTTP library. Prior to 2.32.0, when making requests through a Requests Session, if the first request is made with verify=False to disable cert verification, all subsequent requests to the same host will continue to ignore cert verification regardless of changes to the value of verify. This behavior will continue for the lifecycle of the connection in the connection pool. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.32.0.

An out-of-memory flaw was found in libtiff that could be triggered by passing a crafted tiff file to the TIFFRasterScanlineSize64() API. This flaw allows a remote attacker to cause a denial of service via a crafted input with a size smaller than 379 KB.

Git is a revision control system. Prior to versions 2.30.9, 2.31.8, 2.32.7, 2.33.8, 2.34.8, 2.35.8, 2.36.6, 2.37.7, 2.38.5, 2.39.3, and 2.40.1, a specially crafted .gitmodules file with submodule URLs that are longer than 1024 characters can used to exploit a bug in config.c::git_config_copy_or_rename_section_in_file(). This bug can be used to inject arbitrary configuration into a user&#39;s $GIT_DIR/config when attempting to remove the configuration section associated with that submodule. When the attacker injects configuration values which specify executables to run (such as core.pager, core.editor, core.sshCommand, etc.) this can lead to a remote code execution. A fix A fix is available in versions 2.30.9, 2.31.8, 2.32.7, 2.33.8, 2.34.8, 2.35.8, 2.36.6, 2.37.7, 2.38.5, 2.39.3, and 2.40.1. As a workaround, avoid running git submodule deinit on untrusted repositories or without prior inspection of any submodule sections in $GIT_DIR/config.

Git is a revision control system. Prior to versions 2.45.1, 2.44.1, 2.43.4, 2.42.2, 2.41.1, 2.40.2, and 2.39.4, when cloning a local source repository that contains symlinks via the filesystem, Git may create hardlinks to arbitrary user-readable files on the same filesystem as the target repository in the objects/ directory. Cloning a local repository over the filesystem may creating hardlinks to arbitrary user-owned files on the same filesystem in the target Git repository&#39;s objects/ directory. When cloning a repository over the filesystem (without explicitly specifying the file:// protocol or --no-local), the optimizations for local cloning will be used, which include attempting to hard link the object files instead of copying them. While the code includes checks against symbolic links in the source repository, which were added during the fix for CVE-2022-39253, these checks can still be raced because the hard link operation ultimately follows symlinks. If the object on the filesystem appears as a file during the check, and then a symlink during the operation, this will allow the adversary to bypass the check and create hardlinks in the destination objects directory to arbitrary, user-readable files. The problem has been patched in versions 2.45.1, 2.44.1, 2.43.4, 2.42.2, 2.41.1, 2.40.2, and 2.39.4.

## Overview node is a JavaScript runtime built on Chrome's V8 JavaScript engine. Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') due to the improper handling of batch files in child_process.spawn or child_process.spawnSync. An attacker can inject arbitrary commands and achieve code execution even if the shell option is not enabled. Note: This vulnerability only affects Windows machines. ## Remediation Upgrade node to version 18.20.2, 20.12.2, 21.7.3 or higher. ## References - GitHub Commit - Node.js

An off-by-one heap-based buffer overflow was found in the __vsyslog_internal function of the glibc library. This function is called by the syslog and vsyslog functions. This issue occurs when these functions are called with a message bigger than INT_MAX bytes, leading to an incorrect calculation of the buffer size to store the message, resulting in an application crash. This issue affects glibc 2.37 and newer.

This vulnerability has not been analyzed by NVD yet.

nghttp2 is an implementation of the Hypertext Transfer Protocol version 2 in C. The nghttp2 library prior to version 1.61.0 keeps reading the unbounded number of HTTP/2 CONTINUATION frames even after a stream is reset to keep HPACK context in sync. This causes excessive CPU usage to decode HPACK stream. nghttp2 v1.61.0 mitigates this vulnerability by limiting the number of CONTINUATION frames it accepts per stream. There is no workaround for this vulnerability.

An issue was discovered in giflib through 5.1.4. DumpScreen2RGB in gif2rgb.c has a heap-based buffer over-read.

libheif <= 1.17.6 contains a memory leak in the function JpegEncoder::Encode. This flaw allows an attacker to cause a denial of service attack.

Tar 1.15.1 does not properly warn the user when extracting setuid or setgid files, which may allow local users or remote attackers to gain privileges.

In LibTIFF 4.0.8, there is a memory malloc failure in tif_jbig.c. A crafted TIFF document can lead to an abort resulting in a remote denial of service attack.

In LibTIFF 4.0.7, the program processes BMP images without verifying that biWidth and biHeight in the bitmap-information header match the actual input, leading to a heap-based buffer over-read in bmp2tiff.

A flaw was found in tiffcrop, a program distributed by the libtiff package. A specially crafted tiff file can lead to an out-of-bounds read in the extractImageSection function in tools/tiffcrop.c, resulting in a denial of service and limited information disclosure. This issue affects libtiff versions 4.x.

In OpenSSH 7.9, due to accepting and displaying arbitrary stderr output from the server, a malicious server (or Man-in-The-Middle attacker) can manipulate the client output, for example to use ANSI control codes to hide additional files being transferred.

The get_count function in cplus-dem.c in GNU libiberty, as distributed in GNU Binutils 2.31, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (malloc called with the result of an integer-overflowing calculation) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a crafted string, as demonstrated by c++filt.

A Segmentation fault caused by a floating point exception exists in libheif 1.15.1 using crafted heif images via the heif::Fraction::round() function in box.cc, which causes a denial of service.

OpenSSH 4.6 and earlier, when ChallengeResponseAuthentication is enabled, allows remote attackers to determine the existence of user accounts by attempting to authenticate via S/KEY, which displays a different response if the user account exists, a similar issue to CVE-2001-1483.

Certifi is a curated collection of Root Certificates for validating the trustworthiness of SSL certificates while verifying the identity of TLS hosts. Certifi prior to version 2023.07.22 recognizes &#34;e-Tugra&#34; root certificates. e-Tugra&#39;s root certificates were subject to an investigation prompted by reporting of security issues in their systems. Certifi 2023.07.22 removes root certificates from &#34;e-Tugra&#34; from the root store.

Remotely observable behaviour in auth-gss2.c in OpenSSH through 7.8 could be used by remote attackers to detect existence of users on a target system when GSS2 is in use. NOTE: the discoverer states &#39;We understand that the OpenSSH developers do not want to treat such a username enumeration (or &#34;oracle&#34;) as a vulnerability.&#39;

A flaw has been discovered in GnuTLS where an application crash can be induced when attempting to verify a specially crafted .pem bundle using the &#34;certtool --verify-chain&#34; command.

nscd: netgroup cache may terminate daemon on memory allocation failure

_is_safe in the File::Temp module for Perl does not properly handle symlinks.

A vulnerability was found in SQLite SQLite3 up to 3.43.0 and classified as critical. This issue affects the function sessionReadRecord of the file ext/session/sqlite3session.c of the component make alltest Handler. The manipulation leads to heap-based buffer overflow. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-248999.

GNU gdb (GDB) 13.0.50.20220805-git was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function ada_decode at /gdb/ada-lang.c.

libtiff 4.5.0 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow in uv_encode() when libtiff reads a corrupted little-endian TIFF file and specifies the output to be big-endian.

An issue was discovered in GNOME GLib before 2.78.5, and 2.79.x and 2.80.x before 2.80.1. When a GDBus-based client subscribes to signals from a trusted system service such as NetworkManager on a shared computer, other users of the same computer can send spoofed D-Bus signals that the GDBus-based client will wrongly interpret as having been sent by the trusted system service. This could lead to the GDBus-based client behaving incorrectly, with an application-dependent impact.